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2016考研:近十年考研英语阅读常见短语汇总(一)


1.abide by (=be faithfulto; obey) 忠于;遵守
2.be absent from…. 缺席,不在
3.absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉
4.absorb (=take up theattention of) 吸引…的注意力(被动语态:be absorbed in 全神贯注于…)
   近义词组: beengrossed in; be lost in; be rapt in; be concentrated on; be focused on; becentered on
5.(be) abundant in (berich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有
6.access (to) (不可数名词)能接近,进入,了解
7.by accident (=bychance, accidentally) 偶然地,意外
   Without accident (=safely) 安全地
8.of one's own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely) 自愿地,主动地
9.in accord with 与…一致
   out of one's accord with 同….不一致
10.with one accord(=with everybody agreeing) 一致地
11.in accordance with(=in agreement with) 依照,根据
12.on one's own account1)为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益 2)=at one's own risk 自行负责 3)=by oneself 依靠自己
     on account 赊账;onaccount of 因为;on noaccount 不论什么原因也不;of…account 有…..重要性
13.take…into account(=consider) 把...考虑进去
14.give sb. an accountof 说明,解释(理由)
15.account for (=give anexplanation or reason for) 解释,说明
16.on account of(=because of) 由于,因为
17.on no account (=in nocase, for no reason) 绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)
18.accuse…of…(=charge…with;blame sb. for sth.; blame sth. on sb.; complain about) 指控,控告
19.be accustomed to (=bein the habit of, be used to) 习惯于
20.be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=tohave met socially) 熟悉
21.act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; actfor 代理
22.adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于
23.adapt…(for) (=makesth. Suitable for a new need) 改编,改写(以适应新的需要)
24.in addition (=besides) 此外,又,加之
25.in addition to (=aswell as, besides, other than) 除…外
26.adhere to (=abide by,conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion,belief) 粘附;坚持,遵循
27.adjacent (=next to,close to) 毗邻的,临近的
28.adjust..(to) (=changeslightly) 调节;适应
29.admit of (=be capableof, leave room for) 留…的可能,留有…的余地.
30.in advance (before intime) 预告,事先
31.to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地
32.have an advantageover;胜过;havethe advantage of;由于…处于有利条件;have the advantage of sb. 知道某人所不知道的事
33.take advantage of(=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness) 利用
34.agree with 赞同(某人意见);agreeto 同意
35.in agreement (with) 同意,一致
36.ahead of 在…之前,超前;ahead of time 提前
37.in the air 1)不肯定,不具体; 2)在谣传中
38.above all(=especially, most important of all) 尤其是,最重要的
39.in all (=countingeveryone or everything, altogether) 总共,总计
40.after all 毕竟,到底;(not) at all 一点也不;all at once (=suddenly) 突然;once and for all 只此一次;above all 最重要的;first of all 首先;all in all 大体上说;be all in 累极了;all but 几乎
41.allow for (=take intoconsideration, take into account) 考虑到,估计到
42.amount to (=to beequal to) 总计,等于
43.answer for (undertakeresponsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对……负责
44.answer to (=conformto) 适合,符合
45.be anxious about 为……焦急不安(也可用 anxious for)
46.apologize to sb forsth 为……向……道歉
47.appeal to sb for sth.为某事向某人呼吁;appeal to sb对某人有吸引力
48.apply to sb for sth 为……向……申请;apply for 申请;apply to 适用
49.apply to 与……有关;适用
50.approve of (=consentto, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成
51.arise from (=becaused by ) 由……引起
52.arrange for sb./sth.to do sth 安排……做……
53.arrive on 到达;arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrive in 到达某地(大地方)
54.be ashamed of (=feelshame, guilt or sorrow because of sth done) 以……为羞耻
55.assure sb of sth(=try to cause to believe or trust in sth) 向……保证,使……确信
56.attach (to) (=to fix,fasten; join) 缚,系,结
57.make an attempt atdoing sth.(to do sth) 试图做……
58.attend to (=giveone's attention, care and thought) 注意,照顾;attend on (upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料
59.attitude to/ toward……对……的态度,看法
60.attribute…to…(=tobelieve sth. to be the result of…) 把.……归因于……,认为.……是.……的结果
61.on the average (=onaverage, on an average) 平均
62.(be) aware of (=beconscious of, having knowledge or consciousness) 意识到……,知道
63.at the back of(=behind) 在……后面
64.in the back of 在……后部(里面);on the back of 在……后部(外面);be on one's back (=be ill inbed) 卧病不起
65.at one's back(=supporting or favoring sb) 支持,维护;have sb. at one's back 有……支持,有……作后台
66.turn one's back on sb(=turn away from sb in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃
67.behind one's back 背着某人(说坏话)
68.be based on / upon 基于
69.on the basis of 根据……,在……基础上
70.beat…at 在……运动项目上打赢
71.begin with 以……开始;to begin with (=first of all) 首先,第一(经常用于开始语)
72.on behalf of (=as therepresentative of) 以……名义
73.believe in (=havefaith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰
74.benefit (from) 受益,得到好处
75.for the benefit of 为了……的利益(好处)
76.for the better 好转
77.get the better of(=defeat sb) 打败,胜过
78.by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统;at birth 在出生时;give birth to 出生
79.blame sb. for sth 因……责备某人;blame sth on sb 把……推在某人身上
80.in blossom 开花(指树木);be in blossom 开花(强调状态);come into blossom 开花(强调动作)
81.on board 到船上,在船上,上火车或飞机
82.boast of (or about) 吹嘘
83.out of breath 喘不过气来
84.in brief (=in as fewwords as possible) 简言之
85.in bulk 成批地,不散装的
86.take the floor 起立发言
87.on business 出差办事
88.be busy with sth 忙于某事;be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
89.last but one 倒数第二
90.but for (=without ) 要不是,表示假设
91.buy sth for…money 用多少钱买
92.be capable of 能够,有能力;be capable of being +过去分词 是能够被……的
93.in any case (=forlove or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens;anyhow) 无论如何
94.in case (=for fearthat) 万一
95.in case of (=in theevent of) 如果发生……,万一;in the case of 至于……,就……而言
96.in no case 在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)
97.be cautious of 谨防
98.center one'sattention on (=focus one's attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在……上
99.be certain of (=besure of) 有把握,一定
100.for certain of (=forsure) 肯定地,有把握
101.by chance(=accidentally, by accident) 偶然
102.for a change 换换环境(花样等)
103.charge sb with… 控告某人犯有……
104.in charge of(=responsible for) 负责(某事);in the charge of …  由……管
105.take charge of (=tobe or become responsible for) 负责管理(照顾)
106.charge…fo r因……索取(费用);charge sb with sth 控告某人犯有……
107.round the clock(=all day and all night, usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地
108.comment on 评论
109.commit oneself to 使自己承担……;commit sb to prison 把某人送进监狱;commit one's idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来;mmit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论
110.in common (和…)有共同之处,共用;be common to sb 是与某人所共有的
111.keep company with(=be friendly and go out together) 和……要好
112.compare…with…  把……与……比较
113.compare…to…  把……比作……
114.by comparison 比较起来
115.in comparison with(=in contrast to) 和……比起来
116.compensate for(=give sth. to make up for) 补偿,赔偿,弥补;compensate sb for sth 赔偿,弥补
117.complain of (orabout) 抱怨;诉苦;控告;complainabout 抱怨某人或事情;complainto sb about sth (or sb) 向某人抱怨……;complain(抱怨);complement (补充);compliment (恭维)
118.comply with (=act inaccordance with a demand, order, rule etc.) 遵守,依从
119.conceive of (thinkof, imagine, consider) 想象,设想
120.concentrate on (orupon) 集中,专心
121.be concerned with(=about) 与……有关
122.concern oneselfabout / with 关心
123.in conclusion (=asthe last thing) 最后一点;at the conclusion of 当……结束时
124.condemn sb to 判决
125.on condition that(=if) 以……为条件,假如;in that = because 因为;now that = since 既然;for all that = although 尽管
126.in / out ofcondition (=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit) 健康状况好/不好;in good(bad) condition 处于良好(坏)状态
127.confess (to)(=admita fault, crime, or sth wrong) 承认,供认;confess to a crime 承认罪行
128.confide in (=to talkfreely to sb about one's secret) 对……讲真心话,依赖
129.in confidence 推心置腹地;with confidence 满怀信心地;have confidence in 对……有信心
130.confidence in sb. /sth. 对……的信赖
131.be confident of 有信心;confidential 机密的
132.confine…to… 把……限制在某范围内
133.confirm sb in 使某人更坚定(信念等)
134.conform to (=be inagreement with, comply with) 符合,遵照,遵守;
      1) obey 服从;2)observe;3) comply with 照……办;4) keep to 遵循;5) abide by 服从;6) stick to 按.……做
135.be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对,面临
136.congratulate sb. on 祝贺
137.in connection with(=with regard to) 关于
138.be conscious of (=beaware of) 觉察,知道
139.consent to (=giveagreement to permission) 同意
140.in consequence (=asa result) 结果
141.in consequence of(=as a consequence of) 由于……的结果
142.under consideration 在考虑中
143.in consideration of(=in return for, on account of, because of) 由于
144.on no consideration(in no case) 无论如何也不
145.take…into consideration(=take account of, take…into account) 考虑到,把……考虑进去
146.considerate(=thoughtful of the needs)体贴的,考虑他人需要的;considerable相当大的;值得考虑的
147.consist of (=becomposed of)由……组成的;consist in 主要在于;consist with 符合,与……一致
148.be consistent with(=be in agreement with) 与……一致;be consistent in 一贯的
149.consult sb on/ aboutsth. 向……征求……方面的意,就……向……请教
150.to one's heart'scontent 尽情地,痛痛快快
151.be content with (=besatisfied with) 满足于;becontent to do sth. 愿意做某事
152.contrary to (=inopposition to) 与……相反
153.on the contrary 相反
154.contrast…with 把……与……相对(对照)
155.in contrast to/with 和……形成对比;by contrast 对比之下
156.contribute to 有助于
157.under control  (被)控制住;out of control 无法控制
158.at one's convenience(=where and when it suits one) 在方便的时间或地点;be convenient to / for 对……方便
159.convince sb of(=cause sb. to believe or feel certain; to persuade sb) 使某人确信;try to persuade sb to do sth 劝说某人做……
160.cope with (=dealwith, try to find a solution to) 应付,处理
161.in the corner (of) 在角落里;on (at) the comer of a street 在街道拐弯处;round the comer 拐过弯;be in a tight corner 陷入困境
162.correspond (with)(=exchange letters regularly) 通信
163.correspond to 相当于;correspond with 符合,一致
164.at all costs 不惜任何代价; at the cost of 以……为代价
165.a matter of course 理所当然的事
166.as a matter ofcourse 当然地,自然地
167.in (during) thecourse 在……过程中
168.in due course(=without too much delay) 没经过太久,到一定时候
169.on credit 赊购;with credit 以优异成绩;to one's credit 使某人感到光荣;do sb credit 使……感到光荣
170.be critical of 爱挑毛病的,批评的
171.cure sb. of+某种疾病 治好某人的疾病
172.a danger to 对……的危险;be in danger (of) 处于……危险中;be out of danger 脱离危险
173.to date (=so far,until now) 到目前为止
174.out of date 过时的;up to date 新式的,时兴的;date back to 可追溯到;date from 从某时期开始(有)
175.deal with (=concern)论及
176.be in debt to sb 欠……的债
177.on the decline 在衰退中,在减少中;in decline 下降;on the increase 在增加
178.to one's delight 令某人感到高兴;to one's regret 遗憾;sorrow 悲痛;relief 安心;distress 苦恼;shame 羞愧;surprise 惊奇;astonishment 惊奇
179.delight in (=takegreat pleasure in doing sth) 喜欢,取乐
180.take (a) delight in 喜欢干……,以……为乐
181.demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求(非物质的)东西.;demand sth from sb. 向某人要求(物质的)东西
182.in demand 有需求;on demand 受到要求时
183.be dependent on 依靠
184.deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物
185.derive…from(=obtain…from) 从……取得,由……来的;derive from (=come from) 起源于
186.despair of (=loseall hope of) 绝望
187.in despair 绝望
188.despite (=in spiteof) 不管,尽管
189.in detail 详细地
190.deviate from 偏离,不按……办
191.on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食,节食
192.differ from…in 与……的区别在于……
193.in difficulties… 有困难,处境困难
194.discharge sb.(from)…for (=dismiss sb. from a job for) 因……解雇,开除
195.fall back (=retreat,turn back) 撤退;indisorder 慌乱地,狼狈不堪
196.on display (=beingshown publicly) 陈列
197.dispose of (=get ridof, throw away) 处理掉
198.beyond dispute 不容争议的,无可争议
199.in dispute 在争议中
200.in the distance 在远处;make out 辩认出
201.(be) distinct from(= be different from) 与……截然不同
202.distinguish between(=make or recognize differences) 辨别
203.distinguish…from 把……与……区别开
204.do away with (=getrid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去,废除,取消;do away with (=kill) 杀掉,镇压
205.have…to do with 与……有关系
206.without doubt(=undoubtedly) 无可置疑地
207.in doubt (=in acondition of uncertainty) 对……表示疑惑
208.be due to 是由于
209.come off duty 下班
210.go on duty 上班
211.be on duty 值班,值日,在上班时
212.be in duty bound to(do) (=be required by one's job or esp. by conscience) 有义务(做)
213.be eager for 想得到,盼望
214.by ear (=play musicfrom memory without having seen it printed) 凭记忆,不看乐谱
215.have an ear for(=have keen recognition of sounds esp. in music and language) 对.……有鉴赏力
216.a word in one's ear 私房话,秘密话
217.on earth 究竟,到底,全然
218.with ease (= easily)容易,不费力
219.at (one's) ease (=without worry or nervousness) 自在,不拘束
220.put sb at his / herease (=free sb. from worry or nervousness) 使某人感到无拘束
221.economize on (=savesth instead of being wasteful) 节省
222.have an effect on 对……有影响

江湖浪子

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6#
文宣lz 发表于 2016-9-17 21:47:54
赞👍
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5#
wqesd 发表于 2016-9-7 11:50:47
赞一个。。。。。
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地板
yinchenguyu 发表于 2015-7-31 10:19:04
挺不错的!!!
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板凳
FBI拖延 发表于 2015-7-28 22:44:02
嘻嘻嘻嘻嘻嘻
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沙发
seadragon 发表于 2015-7-27 12:26:27
{:4_107:}
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